Do interessante blogue "The accidental mathematician" recolhi este aspecto:
Why have there been no female Fields medalists? It should not be unreasonable to say that the absolute top level of accomplishment – in mathematics or any other area of science – requires a confluence of exceptional talent and circumstances favourable enough for such talent to flourish. Such circumstances might include encouragement from family and teachers, early access to high level education, acceptance and support of the academic community, and generally having control over one’s own life. This is doubly important in the case of awards where an early age limit does not leave much time for overcoming serious obstacles. Emmy Noether might have been a contender for a Fields medal if it had been established a few decades earlier. The Fields age limit is 40. Noether was only able to get a paid job at a university in 1919, at the age of 37.
That was only 90 years ago. Much has changed since then, but the playing level is still far from level. Give it another 200-300 years, raise the Fields age limit to 50 to allow for childbearing, include women on the Fields selection committee from time to time, and if there are still no female Fields medalists at the end of that period then that may be grounds for discussion. I’m not convinced that we’ll have to wait that long, though. We do see more and more women winning prizes and honours in mathematics, including those with age caps. For all I know, it could happen within the next 10 or 20 years
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